Adaptation and Localization of Biophilic Architecture Principles Aimed at Improving Design Quality in Tourism Complexes of Gilan Province

Abstract

Enhancing the design quality of tourism complexes requires approaches that effectively strengthen the connection between humans and nature. Biophilic architecture, as a prominent contemporary approach emphasizing the human–nature bond, holds significant potential for improving spatial experience in tourism environments. This study aims to adapt and localize the principles of biophilic architecture for application in the design of tourism complexes in Gilan Province. The research is applied and developmental in nature, employing a descriptive-analytical methodology based on documentary and library studies. First, the dimensions and components of biophilic architecture, along with architectural quality assessment criteria, were examined. Subsequently, through comparative analysis, the biophilic features capable of aligning with the local context of Gilan and enhancing design quality were identified. The findings indicate that architectural quality can be evaluated across four domains: physical quality, environmental quality, spatial quality, and semantic quality. Moreover, elements such as direct and indirect connections with nature, utilization of natural processes and patterns, nature-inspired spatial configuration, establishment of emotional bonds between humans and nature, and site-responsive design demonstrated the highest potential for localization and effectiveness in improving the design quality of tourism complexes in Gilan Province. Finally, a set of design guidelines based on the identified biophilic components is proposed.