Integrating the play and physical activity needs of children and adolescents into modern urban planning and governance: A review study

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the multi-dimensional aspects of “child-friendly cities” in the era of automobile-oriented urban development. Despite global recognition of children’s rights, many urban environments prioritize vehicular flow, effectively hindering Children’s Independent Mobility (CIM) and free play. Through a comprehensive review of recent scientific literature, this study analyzes the physical and social challenges children face in urban settings. It explores the role of modern governance tools such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Space Syntax, in identifying critical gaps in accessibility and spatial health inequalities. The findings indicate that the lack of connectivity in urban networks and poor “interactive safety” have lasting impacts on both physical health, such as obesity, and mental well-being. Based on this analysis, shifting from a paradigm of “passive protection” to one of “participatory governance” and “ecosystemic space management” is deemed essential. Consequently, this research provides an analytical framework summarizing policy implications, suggesting that redefining streets as potential play spaces and utilizing precise behavioral data are key to achieving equitable, child-friendly environments. The study concludes that urban policies promoting physical activity must view the environment as an integrated ecosystem, moving beyond fragmented approaches to embrace comprehensive, child-centric urban planning.